Class 8 History Social Science , When People Rebel
Class 8 History Social Science
Chapter 5 When People Rebel
Let's Recall
Q 1. What was the demand of Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi that was refused by the British?
Ans. After the death of her husband, Rani Lakshmbai wanted her adopted son to be recognized as the heir to the kingdom. This demand of Rani Lakshmbai was refused by the British.
Q 2. What did the British do to protect the interests of those who converted to Christianity?
Ans. In order to protect the interests of those who converted to Christianity the British pass a new law in 1850. The new law allowed an Indian who had converted to Christianity to inherit property of his ancestors. This law made it easier to convert to Christianity.
Q 3. What objections did the sepoys have to the new cartridges that they were asked to use?
Ans. The new cartridges were suspected of being coated with the fat of cows and pigs. Both Hindus and Muslim sepoys were offended by the introduction of these cartridges. Their religious sentiments were affected, and this was the reason they refused to use the cartridges. They felt that the British were trying to insult their religions
Q 4. How did the last Mughal emperor live the last years of his life?
Ans. Bahadur Shah Zafar was arrested. He was tried in a court and sentenced to life imprisonment. His sons were shot dead before his eyes. He was sent to prison in Rangoon; along with his wife Begum Zinat Mahal; in October 1858. The last Mughal Emperor died in the Rangoon jail in November 1862.
Let's Discuss
Q 5. What could be the reasons for the confidence of the British rulers about their position in India before May 1857?
Ans. Following could be the reasons for the confidence of the British rulers about their position in India before May 1857:
i. The Mughal Emporer was weak.
ii. There was lack of unity among the local rulers of India.
iii. The British army was strong and well organized than the army of the India nawabs and rajas.
iv. The policies like Subsidiary Alliance and Doctrine of Lapse had strengthen the power of the British.
Q 6. What impact did Bahadur Shah Zafar’s support to the rebellion have on the people and the ruling families?
Ans. The decision by Bahadur Shah Zafar to support the rebellion had dramatically changed the entire situation. Most of the smaller rulers and chieftains had been ruling over their territories on behalf of the Mughal ruler. They hoped that if the Mughal ruler could once again resume power, they would also be able to rule their own territories once again. People were emboldened by an alternative possibility.
Q 7. How did the British succeed in securing the submission of the rebel landowners of Awadh?
Ans: The British succeeded in securing the submission of the rebel landowners of Awadh in the following ways:
i . They announced reward for loyal landowners.
ii.They were assured that they would be allowed to continue to enjoy traditional rights over their lands.
iii. Those who had rebelled were told that if they submitted to the British, and if they had not killed any white people, they would remain safe and their rights and claims to land would not be denied.
Q 8. In what ways did the British change their policies as a result of the rebellion of 1857?
Answer. As a result of the rebellion of 1857, the British changed their policies in the following ways:
i . The powers of the East India Company, was transferred to the British Crown in order to ensure a more responsible management of Indian affairs.
ii. The Governor-General of India was given the title of Viceroy, that is, a personal representative of the Crown.
iii. All ruling chiefs of the country were assured that their territory would never be annexed in future. They were allowed to pass on their kingdoms to their heirs, including adopted son. But they had to acknowledge the British queen as their Sovereign Paramount.
iv. It was decided that the proportion of Indian soldiers in the army would be reduced and the number of European soliders would be increased. It was also decided that instead of recruiting soldiers from Awadh, Bihar, Central India and South India more soldiers would be recruited from among the Gorkhas, Sikhs and Pathans.
v. The British decided to respect the customary religions and social practices of the people in India.
Chapter 5 When People Rebel
Let's Recall
Q 1. What was the demand of Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi that was refused by the British?
Ans. After the death of her husband, Rani Lakshmbai wanted her adopted son to be recognized as the heir to the kingdom. This demand of Rani Lakshmbai was refused by the British.
Q 2. What did the British do to protect the interests of those who converted to Christianity?
Ans. In order to protect the interests of those who converted to Christianity the British pass a new law in 1850. The new law allowed an Indian who had converted to Christianity to inherit property of his ancestors. This law made it easier to convert to Christianity.
Q 3. What objections did the sepoys have to the new cartridges that they were asked to use?
Ans. The new cartridges were suspected of being coated with the fat of cows and pigs. Both Hindus and Muslim sepoys were offended by the introduction of these cartridges. Their religious sentiments were affected, and this was the reason they refused to use the cartridges. They felt that the British were trying to insult their religions
Q 4. How did the last Mughal emperor live the last years of his life?
Ans. Bahadur Shah Zafar was arrested. He was tried in a court and sentenced to life imprisonment. His sons were shot dead before his eyes. He was sent to prison in Rangoon; along with his wife Begum Zinat Mahal; in October 1858. The last Mughal Emperor died in the Rangoon jail in November 1862.
Let's Discuss
Q 5. What could be the reasons for the confidence of the British rulers about their position in India before May 1857?
Ans. Following could be the reasons for the confidence of the British rulers about their position in India before May 1857:
i. The Mughal Emporer was weak.
ii. There was lack of unity among the local rulers of India.
iii. The British army was strong and well organized than the army of the India nawabs and rajas.
iv. The policies like Subsidiary Alliance and Doctrine of Lapse had strengthen the power of the British.
Q 6. What impact did Bahadur Shah Zafar’s support to the rebellion have on the people and the ruling families?
Ans. The decision by Bahadur Shah Zafar to support the rebellion had dramatically changed the entire situation. Most of the smaller rulers and chieftains had been ruling over their territories on behalf of the Mughal ruler. They hoped that if the Mughal ruler could once again resume power, they would also be able to rule their own territories once again. People were emboldened by an alternative possibility.
Q 7. How did the British succeed in securing the submission of the rebel landowners of Awadh?
Ans: The British succeeded in securing the submission of the rebel landowners of Awadh in the following ways:
i . They announced reward for loyal landowners.
ii.They were assured that they would be allowed to continue to enjoy traditional rights over their lands.
iii. Those who had rebelled were told that if they submitted to the British, and if they had not killed any white people, they would remain safe and their rights and claims to land would not be denied.
Q 8. In what ways did the British change their policies as a result of the rebellion of 1857?
Answer. As a result of the rebellion of 1857, the British changed their policies in the following ways:
i . The powers of the East India Company, was transferred to the British Crown in order to ensure a more responsible management of Indian affairs.
ii. The Governor-General of India was given the title of Viceroy, that is, a personal representative of the Crown.
iii. All ruling chiefs of the country were assured that their territory would never be annexed in future. They were allowed to pass on their kingdoms to their heirs, including adopted son. But they had to acknowledge the British queen as their Sovereign Paramount.
iv. It was decided that the proportion of Indian soldiers in the army would be reduced and the number of European soliders would be increased. It was also decided that instead of recruiting soldiers from Awadh, Bihar, Central India and South India more soldiers would be recruited from among the Gorkhas, Sikhs and Pathans.
v. The British decided to respect the customary religions and social practices of the people in India.
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